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Daily Logs - Week 1
Day 1: Friday, March 1, 2002 The Ka'imimoana was scheduled to leave San Diego on Feb. 26, but it was delayed in Seattle where it was undergoing maintenance, and the departure was pushed back to Feb. 28. Upon a tour of the ship on Feb. 27 with my family, I discovered from Capt. Tim Tisch that some circuit boards needed to be replaced, so our departure would be pushed back to March 1 (hopefully). My husband and I arrived this morning as planned at the 32nd Street Naval Base - but were denied access by the Navy as their permission for us to enter expired Feb. 28!! After getting new permission papers, the Main Gate allowed us access, and we were in business. The new parts arrived, were quickly put in place, the crane came to remove the electrical umbilical cord and gangplank and we were off. So, as "Roseann Roseanna Dana" from Saturday Night Live used to say, "It's always something!" We were underway at around 1630, cruising past the gorgeous city of San Diego and its beautiful skyline at sunset. Thus, begins the adventure of a lifetime for me - bittersweet today as I left my terrific husband and two beautiful daughters on Pier 4. I am hopeful that you will all benefit from my experience in some way. Please log on daily to read about the Adventures of the NOAA crew aboard the Ka'imimoana!! Keep in Touch, Day 2: Saturday, March 2, 2002 Travel Log: Today was a day for getting acquainted with the ship and its occupants and its activities and responsibilities. When I awoke, the weather was gorgeous, the sky was clear - and land was nowhere to be seen! Already it seems as if we are mid-ocean. The seas are very calm. The ocean rolls gently and noone that I know of has had any problems with seasickness (the number one question I got from people before I left: "Do you get seasick?" The answer: "Not yet." If you'd like to know the #2 and #3 questions asked of me, just keep reading the logs ;-) We are cruising at the top speed of 11-1/2 knots and hope to make up some of the time lost in Seattle and San Diego. There was an orientation held for all of the new scientists aboard (I'm honored to be considered part of that category.). The most fun was the abandon ship drill held after the fire drill. Safety is a primary concern aboard the Ka'imimoana. Most parts of the ship are considered industrial workplaces, so hard hats are worn, closed toe shoes are required, and often life vests are necessary. During an abandon ship drill, we muster at our life boat stations with our vests and "gumby" suits. These suits are aptly named as they make you look like Gumby! They are wetsuits that have gloves and boots sewn into them and I've been told that someone could survive floating in the ocean for several days in them. Look for a picture in the photo album of scientist Mike McPhaden in one. I'm glad we had the practice putting them on, because it's not as easy as it sounds! Let's just hope we never have to use them. Keep in Touch, Day 3: Sunday, March 3, 2002 Science Log: Research has not yet started. Travel Log: When we went to bed last night, the moon was a harvest color just hanging on the horizon and there were 30 knot winds crossing the bow of the ship. The seas had picked up considerably and this morning we had fairly high surf with waves breaking, forming white caps wherever we looked. It wasn't scary, but it was rough. By the afternoon, however, we had the predicted 2 to 4 foot seas, partly cloudy weather with temperatures in the mid-70's - just lovely. The crew continues to prepare for the many experiments and tests they will perform. Today, Ben and Brian used one of the cranes on board to move a Dopplar radar device into position for future deployment. My roommate is an employee with MBARI (the Monterey Bay Aquarium Reseach Institute). She is going to be studying the barnacles that collect on the bottoms of the buoys that are brought on board. She's been busy preparing her collection bottles, sewing netting to hold the samples and teaching me the difference between the types of barnacles to be found! I'm looking forward to helping her with some of her work. More tomorrow on the other activities I'll be involved with. I'd love to hear from you. Please email with questions and I'll be happy to get back to you and to use the answers to some of them in this daily log. Til then, here's to FAIR seas and following winds! Day Four: Monday, March 4, 2002 Happy Monday, all! And a very happy one it is out here. Last night, at sundown, we actually saw the elusive "green flash" at sunset. Personally, I think it's a bit overrated! It was my first time seeing it and I expected a mini-St. Patrick's Day explosion and got a little bitty green line on the horizon. Poof. Anyway, today was another beautiful day in paradise. Since we are now south of the tip of Baja California, the weather is much balmier. I am thankful for the breeze the ship creates! We have 2 more days of transit before we encounter our first buoy and the scientists and crew are spending our days preparing for that. Today, I received training in how to do a CTD line cast. CTD stands for Conductivity Temperature Depth. And those three things are what this machine measures - at depths of up to 1000 meters! These measurements are taken every 6 hours round the clock from the time we reach 12 degrees north latitude, which will be on Wednesday. There is a survey technician on board who does this, but to give her a break, some of us have volunteered to learn how to do it to relieve her once in a while. It involves computer operation as well as manually setting the instrumentation on the device (which is taller than my 5'8" and much heavier). After setting the tubes to catch the water, it is deployed over the side by a winch and lowered to the desired depth. Then one of the 15 or so tubes on the device are tripped closed at the depths you desire on the way up. Once at the surface again, the water is removed from the machine into bottles and it's on to the laboratory (on board) for testing. Fascinating. I can't wait to be involved (see pictures in photo album 3). Question of the Day: I'm going to make this a regular daily feature. The first person to get back to me will be mentioned in a future log. Today's question: What is an anemometer? (There are several on board that will be deployed on the voyage.) Answer of the Day: On Day 2, I asked what my #2 and #3 questions that people had asked me before I left San Diego were. Can't tell you yet, because no one's asked (or guessed)! Come on - any takers out there? Til tomorrow, aloha! :-) Day Five: Tuesday, March 5, 2002 Hello again from the sunny Pacific! Today was another wonderful day in paradise. We were actually visited by some boobies doing some aerial manuvers around the ship. We also saw numerous flying fish who I don't think were visiting, but trying to get out of our way! It was my first sighting of flying fish. I always figured that they'd soar out of the water and fall back in, but, as often happens, boy was I wrong. These fish (very slender and smaller than I thought -looked like maybe 8-10 inches long) burst out of the water and then literally fly. They use their pectoral fins as wings and some easily flew for 50 yards. Amazing. Since we are still in transit to the first buoy (arriving Wed 3/7), I spent today on camera in tests to get our technology all set for the live web feeds we will be doing for schools around the country (and in a few other countries, too). If you are a teacher who would like to set up a live webfeed for your classroom, please email me, and I'll connect you with the people who will make it happen. The scientists continue to prep for work they'll be undertaking any day now. Since I don't have anything very scientific to discuss today, I think I'll take this opportunity to give you information on something I've been getting LOTS of questions about ... the food! JoseFelipe from San Diego was one of the first to ask! The mess (it's actually very neat, but that's what they call the cafeteria) is open to feed us three times a day: from 0700-0800, 1100-1200 and from 1630-1730. They are strict about the times. Clementine and Sandra are the cooks and they do a terrific job feeding the 30 of us on board a great deal of variety. For breakfast every day, they've had a choice of hot or cold cereals, waffles, pancakes, and some sort of egg dish. For lunch, there is always a salad bar, and usually sandwiches and a soup, and then a couple of main dishes. For dinner, you usually have at least 3 dishes to choose from. Dessert at lunch is usually ice cream or fruit, and for dinner it's usually something VERY fattening. Tonight, it was the richest chocolate cake I've ever eaten. During any other hours of the day, the mess is open for the snacks they have available: bread, peanut butter, all of the drinks, salad, crackers, etc. So far, my favorites have been the Chinese soup, the chicken curry and the Caesar salad (at three different meals and all made from scratch). We are a lucky crew. Thanks, ladies!! Question of the Day: When looking at a forecast, what
does SST stand for? Hint: you can find Answer of the Day: #2 Are there any other women on board with you? #3 How did you get chosen for this? Til tomorrow, Day Six: Wednesday, March 6, 2002 Today was not as nice as it has been this week, but it still beats winter in Chicago (which I did for several years). And people from Chicago, please don't write me that I hate Chicago - it's one of my most favorite places. I have very fond memories of living there. Anyway, the seas have kicked up a bit, the ship is a'rocking and a'rolling and the weather is cloudy and humid. But life goes on here on the working laboratory that is the Ka'mimoana. The significant event of the day was our first real CTD cast. I've written about these for the last few days, but today I want to really explain it because its scientific work is signifant to the entire planet. Once again, CTD stands for Conductivity Temperature Depth. These are all things that are tested by this machine, and more. The machine itself is a steel frame that has 14 cylinders that hold from 4 to 5 liters of sea water that is captured at different depths in the ocean. There are numerous steps in the process of collecting the water - it's not nearly as simple as it sounds. First, the computers need to be set up. Then the machine itself has to have the bottles set properly to "fire" later. Then the winch operator and the CTD survey tech work together to lower the machine into the ocean down to 1000 meters. Once there, the survey tech "fires" off the first bottle by a computer key stroke - this snaps closed the top and bottom of the cylinder, thereby capturing the water at that depth. The winch hauls the machine up to 800 meters and it happens again. It happens again at 600m, 400m, 200m, 150m, 100m, 60m, 40m, 25m, 10m and surface. Then, the machine is hauled out by the winch operator (assisted by the survey tech in a life vest who is harnessed to the ship so she doesn't fall overboard) and put back on deck. Before the machine is cast, when it is at depth and when it is at the surface, numerous statistics are notated such as SST (sea surface temperature) and SSS (sea surface salinity). At this point, the survey tech shuts down the machines and the computers are done. Then the survey tech goes outside, fills up glass bottles with samples of the sea water from every depth that will be tested in a salinometer later. The machine is hosed down, tied down, and left for the next cast 6 hours later. The information collected from this machine taken over time (and NOAA has been doing these for years now) helps scientists to predict the El Nino and La Nina conditions which can wreak havoc world-wide. Question of the Day: What is a thermoclime? (thanks to Ben Moore, NOAA scientist) Answer of the Day: I guess I'm going to have to make these harder because all sorts of people got this one! Believe it or not, Vanessa P. of San Diego was the first one again to answer it! An anemometer is a device that measures wind speed and direction. Several of them are on board for deployment on the voyage. Til tomorrow, Day Seven: Thursday, March 7, 2002 I was asked by a student in Mr. Whitham's class in San Diego what it feels like to be on a ship. Today, it feels like a roller coaster!! The seas are really rolling, but at the risk of jinxing myself, I might be past my queasy moments. Which is good, because at times today we've had 10 foot swells and winds of up to 24 knots. It's been a wild one. Today, I did my first CTD with Amy looking over my shoulder. Like I said yesterday, this is very important work which cumulatively helps to predict the El Nino condition (which can cause millions of dollars in damage and take thousands of lives with the bad weather and droughts it brings), so I take it very seriously. There are many steps to remember in the collection of the water samples as well as the data. I will be working with Amy again before I do this on my own, so I feel confident that I can perform it all correctly. See the photo album for shots of the CTD casting being done by Amy and I. I want to take this opportunity to acknowledge Larry Wooten. He is the technical specialist on board - he's the fix-it man. And on this trip, I've been calling him the "most overworked techie in history." Keep in mind that we are hundreds of miles from the nearest shop like Home Depot or Fry's so we've got to have someone to depend on to fix things, and Larry has stepped up to the plate, big-time. Today, he was trouble-shooting our live video broadcasts, he completely removed and re-installed a new triggering mechanism on the CTD (it wasn't firing the bottles closed properly), and he had to install new software onto a computer so that I could send my photos to you. And that's just three things I know about! Great job, Larry - the Ka'imimoana is lucky to have you. Questions of the Day: You'll notice that I listed the SST and Air Temp above in Centigrade today. How does one change a Centigrade reading into a Fahrenheit reading? What would the readings for SST and Air Temp be in degrees Fahrenheit? Answer of the Day: The other day I asked what SST stood for and many of you said Sea Surface Temperature, but Angelique D. of San Diego was first! Great job. And did you know that just by going down a few feet, the water temp gets colder? The ship has sensors that tell us SST and water temp at 3 meters. And of course, the CTD can tell the temp at depths in the thousands of meters. And the buoys along the 110oW line that we'll be visiting have temperature sensors down the cables that anchor them to the bottom. But that's a story for another day. :-) Tomorrow, we pull up our first buoy - it'll be all about barnacles for me. Til then! :-) Dana Day Eight: Friday, March 8, 2002 Do you remember when I said yesterday that today was all about barnacles? Well, as my beloved husband (I miss you honey!) likes to say during a disagreement, "I wasn't exactly correct." Actually, tomorrow is barnacle day as we'll be reaching the vicinity of our first buoy later this morning. The ship will do a deep CTD cast and then we'll move into position at first light to start the buoy operations. That should be exciting. So, today is all about weather balloons! Sergio Pezoa, an employee of Environmental Technology Laboratory working with NOAA, showed me the ins and outs of weather balloons. As of a few days ago, Sergio has been deploying the balloons every 6 hours starting at 0Z (zero Zulu or GMT time), five times a day. The purpose of the weather balloons is to collect data (air pressure, temperature, humidity and wind speed and direction) in this El Nino zone, as one more measure that, all together, scientists look at to try to predict the El Nino condition. The weather balloons have two parts: the actual balloon that is filled with helium (it is much bigger than I expected it would be - almost the diameter of a child's swimming pool) and the radiosonde. The radiosonde is the transmitter portion that is the communication device that transmits the data from satellites to the ship's computer. It is battery powered with a charge that lasts about 3 hours. The balloon will burst before that and fall to the sea, already having sent its important information to earth. And, believe it or not, the entire thing, from balloon to string to transmitter to battery is ALL biodegradable. Amazing. I really enjoyed deploying it, too. When I let go, the balloon and radiosonde burst out of my hands, when I expected them just to fly away. It was lovely watching them sail, literally, into the sunset. Question of the Day: You knew this was coming, huh? Above, I mentioned Zulu time or GMT. What is GMT and if it's 9:00pm here in Mountain Time, what time is that Zulu or GMT? Answer of the Day: Congrats to the folks who realized I spelled thermocline incorrectly (once again, I wasn't exactly right!). Alyzza V. of San Diego was the first to tell me that thermocline is the layer in the ocean that separates the warm upper layers that are oxygen-rich from the cold lower layers of the ocean that are oxygen-poor. Important to this ship's research since warm waters are what El Nino is all about! Til tomorrow Day Nine: Saturday, March 9, 2002 Today, we did our first recovery/deployment of a buoy. What a fascinating 6 hour process. I was very impressed by the way the entire crew worked together as a team to make this complicated, and potentially dangerous, process happen. At first light, two scientists (Brian and Nuria) motored out to the buoy (which was about 10 miles from where it should have been) from the Ka'imimoana in a small craft. They tied the buoy to a rope which was winched up back on deck. The buoy was then pulled to the ship and carefully hoisted aboard (in 6-8 ft swells with about 15 knot winds). It was placed over a hole in the deck so that Raye could scrape the barnacles off from below. (more barnacle talk tomorrow) It was missing it's anemometer - lost at sea! Then the scientists started to winch in the wire which holds, at regular intervals, the thermometer pods, or Thermisters, which have been on this buoy for the past year collecting temperature data. After those are cut off, all of the 500 m (one spool) of wire is spooled. (We found a mass of fishing line that was snagged on the wire. This probably helps to account for why the buoy was 10 miles off. The fishing boat that was attached to the line probably pulled it.) Then comes 5-6 spools of white nylon rope to pull up. Then, there's another 50 m of nylon rope, at the end of which is an acoustic coupler - a device that automatically releases the anchor line from the anchor by remote. Done with recovery! To deploy the new buoy, it's not exactly a reverse process because the buoy goes in first, followed by the line and then anchor last. The buoy (with anemometer!) gets hoisted over the side by crane and released with the wire on board attached to it. The wire starts getting released and the Thermisters are attached to the line at their intervals, then the rest of the wire is released and then the many spools of nylon rope. Then the acoustic coupler is attached and finally the anchors are carefully placed into the water. The ship then motors back to the buoy, which has floated over a mile away, to make sure it has ended up in the correct location and is floating properly upright. The scientists have purposefully deployed the anchor at a certain location knowing that the anchor will pull the buoy back some, but not all of the way. The barnacle talk will wait for tomorrow since the buoy explanation took so long! Stay tuned!! Question of the Day: At the end of the url for this website and on every buoy we recover and deploy, it says "TAO." What does TAO stand for? Answer of the Day: Mr. Whitham's class in San Diego was the first to respond with the correct answer. To change Celsius into Fahrenheit, one must take the Celsius number, multiply it by 9/5 and then add 32. C x 9/5 + 32 = F So, 27.6C is about 81F. (A hint that an Australian friend of mine told me is, if the Celsius number is in the 20's or higher, just multiply the Celsius number by 3 and you're close enough. In this case, pretty darn close!!). Til tomorrow, Read Week 2 Daily
Logs Note for educators: The TAO/TRITON array continues to collect data and the Ka'imimoana continues to maintain the array. Please use the TAO web site, in conjunction with this web site, the lesson plans, daily logs, the videos, and the photos to educate your students about climate, El Niño, and scientific research in general. Consider this web site, as well as the EPIC web site, a resource for teaching your students. Many organizations and countries are involved in supporting the
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